Abstract
Recently, medicinal plants have been the main source in treating malaria. Kaempferia galanga was investigated as an antioxidant, and anti-inflammation. In vivo study of K. galanga had been verified as antimalarial for severe malaria. The objective of this study is to investigate the chemoprophylactic effect, body composition, and blood parameters of K. galanga against Plasmodium berghei. The prophylactic effects were determined by employing K. galanga (50; 100 and 200 mg/kg) in mice infected with P. berghei. Mice were subdivided into 4 groups (control negative and 3 treatment groups). The treatment groups received K. galanga daily for 3 days before the inoculation of P. berghei. Each mice were inoculated with the infected blood containing 106 of P. berghei. Parasitemia and body weight were calculated every day until 5 days post-inoculation, and the blood parameters was monitored in day 5. The parasitemia on the fifth days after inoculation revealed a significant suppresses effect compared to control (p<0.05). The suppressed effect by doses 50 mg/kg; 100 mg/kg; 200 mg/kg and negative control were 0.83%; 1.96%; 2.82%, and 17.8% respectively. The body weight on treatment groups was normal, but the control group decreased (p<0.05). The blood parameters on treatment groups were normal compared to control group. The K. galanga possess the prophylactic effect, normal weight and blood parameters against Plasmodium berghei.
There is no Figure or data content available for this article
References
2. Akil SNH. The clinical and histopathological aspect of liver, lung, and kidney in malaria. Qanun Med. 2019;3:123–135.
3. White NJ. Anaemia and malaria. Malar J. 2018;17(371):1-17. doi:10.1186/s12936-018-2509-9
4. Sakwe N, Bigoga J, Ngondi J, et al. Relationship between malaria, anaemia, nutritional and socio-economic status amongst under-ten children, in the North Region of Cameroon : A cross-sectional assessment. PLoS One. 2019;14(6):1-17. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0218442
5. Tapajós R, Castro D, Melo G, et al. Malaria impact on cognitive function of children in a peri‑urban community in the Brazilian Amazon. Malar J. 2019;18(173):1-12. doi:10.1186/s12936-019-2802-2
6. Suswardany DL, Sibbritt DW, Supardi S, Pardosi JF, Chang S, Adams J. A cross-sectional analysis of traditional medicine use for malaria alongside free antimalarial drugs treatment amongst adults in high-risk malaria endemic provinces of Indonesia. PLoS One. 2017;12(3):1-15. doi:HTTPS://DOI.ORG/10.1371/journal.pone.0173522
7. Shetu HJ, Trisha KT, Sikta SA, et al. Pharmacological importance of Kaempferia galanga ( Zingiberaceae ): A mini review. Int. J. Res. Pharm. Pharm. Sci. 2018;3:32–39.
8. Subaryanti, Sulistyaningsih YC, Iswantini D, Triadiati T. The Growth and Production of Galanga (Kaempferia galanga L.) in Different Altitudes. J. Ilmu Pertan. Indones. 2020;25:167–177.
9. Jalil M. Pemanfaatan Curcuma longa dan Kaempferia galanga Sebagai Bahan Pembuatan Jamu “ Beras Kencur †Bagi Ibu Pasca Persalinan. Semin. Nas. Pendidik. Biol. dan Saintek. 2019;167–173.
10. Srivastava N, Singh S, Chand A, Shanker K. Aromatic ginger (Kaempferia galanga L .) extracts with ameliorative and protective potential as a functional food , beyond its fl avor and nutritional bene fi ts. Toxicol Reports. 2019;6(May):521-528. doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.05.014
11. Hermawan S, Aman IGM, Nyoman N, Dewi A. Comparison between Oral Administration of Kaempferia galanga Rhizome Extract and Simvastatin in Improving Lipid Profile of Dyslipidemic Male Wistar Rats. Int. J. Sci. Res. 2021;10:545–549.
12. Syahruddin AN, Dahlan CK, Taslim NA. The Effects of Kaempferia Galanga L . Extract on Pain , Stiffness and Functional Physic in Patient with Knee Osteoarthritis : Double Blind Randomized Clinical Trial. Int. J. Sci. Healthc. Res. 2017;2:37–43.
13. Rahman I, Kabir T, Islam N, et al. Investigation of antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of kaempferia galanga L. Res. J. Pharm. Technol. 12, 2189–2194 (2019).
14. Ali, H., Yesmin, R., Satter, M. A., Habib, R. & Yeasmin, T. Journal of King Saud University – Science Antioxidant and antineoplastic activities of methanolic extract of Kaempferia galanga Linn . Rhizome against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. J. King Saud Univ. - Sci. 2018;30:386–392.
15. Huyut Z, Beydemir F, Gülçin E. Antioxidant and Antiradical Properties of Selected Flavonoids and Phenolic Compounds. Biochem Res Int. 2017;2017:1-10. doi:10.1155/2017/7616791
16. Samodra G, Febrina D. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Kaempferia galanga L. Rhizome Extract in Carrageenan-Induced Female Rats. Adv. Heal. Sci. Res. 2020;20:13–17.
17. Jagadish PC, Latha KP, Mudgal J, Nampurath GK. Extraction, characterization and evaluation of Kaempferia galanga L . ( Zingiberaceae ) rhizome extracts against acute and chronic in fl ammation in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2016;194(March):434-439. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.010
18. Olanlokun JO, David OM, Afolayan AJ. In vitro antiplasmodial activity and prophylactic potentials of extract and fractions of Trema orientalis (Linn.) stem bark. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017;17(407):1-11. doi:10.1186/s12906-017-1914-x
19. Otegbade OO, Ojo JA, Adefokun DI, Abiodun OO, Thomas BN, Ojurongbe O. Ethanol Extract of Blighia sapida Stem Bark Show Remarkable Prophylactic Activity in Experimental Plasmodium berghei–Infected Mice. Drug Target Insight. 2017;11:1-8. doi:10.1177/1177392817728725
20. Titanji VPK, Zofou D, Moses N. Ngemenya. The antimalarial potential of medicinal plants used for the treatment of malaria in Cameroonian folk medicine. African J. Tradit. Complement. Altern. Med. 2008;5:302–321.
21. Kanaani J, Ginsburg H. Effects of Cinnamic Acid Derivatives on In Vitro Growth of Plasmodium falciparum and on the Permeability of the Membrane of Malaria-Infected Erythrocytes. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 1992;36:1102–1108.
22. Sumazian Y, Syahida A, Hakiman M, Maziah M. Antioxidant activities, flavonoids, ascorbic acid and phenolic contents of Malaysian vegetables. J Med Plants Res. 2010;4(10):881-890. doi:10.5897/JMPR10.011
23. Da’i M, Setiawan D, Rosita Melannisa. Potency of Radical Scavenging Activity and Determination of Total Phenolic Content of Five Ethanolic Extract of Rhizome Zingiberaceae Family. Indones J Cancer Chemoprevention. 2013;4(1):457-462.
24. Yao F, Zhu X, Wang Y, He X. Phenolics from the Rhizomes of Kaempferia galanga L . and Their Antioxidant Activity. J Complement Altern Med Res. 2018;5(1):1-6. doi:10.9734/JOCAMR/2018/40630
25. Bekono BD, Kang FN, Onguéné PA, et al. The potential of anti ‑ malarial compounds derived from African medicinal plants : a review of pharmacological evaluations from 2013 to 2019. Malar J. 2020:1-35. doi:10.1186/s12936-020-03231-7
26. Fitriastuti D, Julianto TS, Wahyu A, Iman N. Identification and Heme Polymerization Inhibition Activity ( HPIA ) Assay of Ethanolic Extract and Fraction of Temu Mangga ( Curcuma mangga Val). Rhizome. Eksakta. 2020;1(1):64-72. doi:10.20885/EKSAKTA.vol1.iss1.art
27. Kanjanapothi D, Pathong A, Lertprasertsuke N, et al. Toxicity of crude rhizome extract of Kaempferia galanga L. (Proh Hom). J Ethnopharmacol. 2004;90(2-3):359-365. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2003.10.020
28. Jagadish PC, Latha KP, Mudgal J, Nampurath GK. Extraction, characterization and evaluation of Kaempferia galanga L. (Zingiberaceae) rhizome extracts against acute and chronic inflammation in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2016;December 2:434-439. doi:https:doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.010
29. Umar MI, Asmawi MZ, Sadikun A, et al. Bioactivity-Guided Isolation of Ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate, an Anti-inflammatory Constituent, from Kaempferia galanga L. Extracts. Molecules. 2012;17:8720-8734. doi:10.3390/molecules17078720
30. Menezes MN De, Machado É, Vieira F, et al. IL-1 α promotes liver inflammation and necrosis during blood-stage Plasmodium chabaudi malaria. Nature. 2019;9(7575):1-12. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-44125-2
31. Ali H, Yesmin R, Satter MA, Habib R, Yeasmin T. Science Antioxidant and antineoplastic activities of methanolic extract of Kaempferia galanga Linn. Rhizome against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. J King Saud Univ Sci. 2018;30(3):386-392. doi:10.1016/j.jksus.2017.05.009
32. Chaniad P, Techarang T, Phuwajaroanpong A, Punsawad C. Antimalarial Activity and Toxicological Assessment of Betula alnoides Extract against Plasmodium berghei Infections in Mice. Evidence-Based Complement Altern Med. 2019;November:1-8.
33. Amuamuta A, Plengsuriyakarn T, Na-bangchang K. Anticholangiocarcinoma activity and toxicity of the Kaempferia galanga Linn . Rhizome ethanolic extract. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017;17(213):1-11. doi:10.1186/s12906-017-1713-4
How to Cite This
Article Metrics
Download Statistics
Downloads
Metrics
Other Statistics
Copyright and Permissions
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Publishing your paper with Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium (JTL) means that the author or authors retain the copyright in the paper. JTL granted an exclusive reuse license by the author(s), but the author(s) are able to put the paper onto a website, distribute it to colleagues, give it to students, use it in your thesis etc, even commercially. The author(s) can reuse the figures and tables and other information contained in their paper published by JTL in future papers or work without having to ask anyone for permission, provided that the figures, tables or other information that is included in the new paper or work properly references the published paper as the source of the figures, tables or other information, and the new paper or work is not direct at private monetary gain or commercial advantage.
JTL journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. This journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. This license lets others remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
JTL journal Open Access articles are distributed under this Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA). Articles can be read and shared for All purposes under the following conditions:
- BY: You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- SA: If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
