747
Abstract Views
289
PDF Download
Editorial

A brief history of RT-PCR and our laboratory experience with SARS-CoV-2 analyses using RT-PCR: RT-PCR and SARS-CoV-2

Pages 18-24

Abstract

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is in vitro replication that allows accelerated amplification of certain sequences in small DNA fragments. A sensitive technique, only traces of DNA are needed for PCR to produce enough copies to be analyzed. In molecular diagnostic laboratories, rRT-PCR technique is applied to find target RNAs for the diagnosis of specific pathogens. Although the rRT-PCR method, which has high specificity and moderate sensitivity, is accepted by WHO as the gold standard test for the confirmation of COVID-19, there are many negative comments about this method that should be considered. While diagnosing SARS-CoV-2, it is possible to say that real-time PCR (RT-PCR) analysis is still valid but not sufficient to quickly distinguish similar infections. For this reason, there is a need for new analysis methods and new RT-PCR studies to be performed with newly developed unique rapid tests.

There is no Figure or data content available for this article

References

  • Mullis K, Faloona F, Scharf S, et al. Spesific enzymatic amplification of DNA in vitro: polymerase chain reaction. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology. 1986;51, 263-273.
  • Garcia LT, Cristancho LM, Vera EP, et al. A new multiplex-PCR for urinary tract pathogen detection using primer design based on an evolutionary computation method. J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2015;25(10):1714–27.
  • Sreejith KR, Ooi CH, Jin J, et al. Digital polymerase chain reaction tech - nology-recent advances and future per - spectives. Lab Chip. 2018;18(24):3717–32.
  • Dixon M, Sha S, Stefil M, et al. Is it Time to Say Goodbye to Culture and Sen - sitivity? The Case for Culture-independent Urology. Urology. 2019;136:112–8.
  • Garibyan L, Avashia N. Research Techniques Made Simple: Polymerase Chain Reac - tion(PCR). J Invest Dermatol. 2013;133(3).
  • Cilloni D, Petiti J, Rosso V, et al. Digital PCR in myeloid malignancies: Ready to replace quantitative PCR? Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(9).
  • Kurkela S, Brown DWG. Molecular diag - nostic techniques. Medicine (Baltimore). 2009;37(10):535–40.
  • Quan PL, Sauzade M, Brouzes E. DPCR: A technology review. Sensors (Switzerland). 2018;18(4):1271.
  • Mayer G, Muller J, Lunse CE. RNA diagnostics: real-time RT-PCR strategies and promising novel target RNAs. Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. RNA. 2011;2(1):32–41.
  • Fu L, Wang B, Yuan T, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Infect. 2020;80(6):656–665.
  • Alayunt NO, Ozudogru O, Yerlikaya E. First remarkable findings in comparison of patients in Siirt / Turkey in novel coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic. Medicine Science 2020;9(4):1008-13
  • Corman VM, Landt O, Kaiser M, et al. Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR. Euro. Surveill. 2020;25(3).
  • Lippi G, Simundic AM., Plebani M. Potential preanalytical and analytical vulnerabilities in the laboratory diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 2020;58(7):1070–1076.
  • Espy MJ, Uhl JR, Sloan LM, et al. Real-time PCR in clinical microbiology: applications for routine laboratory testing. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2006;19(1):165–256.
  • Lippi G, Meyer A, Cadamuro J, et al. European Federation of Clinical, P. Laboratory Medicine Working Group for Preanalytical, PREDICT: a checklist for preventing preanalytical diagnostic errors in clinical trials, Clin. Chem. Lab Med. 58(4) (2020) 518–526.
  • Tang YW, Schmitz JE, Persing DH, et al. Laboratory Diagnosis of COVID-19: Current Issues and Challenges. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2020;58(6).
  • Wölfel R, Corman VM, Guggemos W, et al. Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019. Nature 2020;581(7809):465–469.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Interim Guidelines for Collecting, Handling, and Testing Clinical Specimens from Persons for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Updated July 8, 2020. Accessed April 16, 2020.
  • Huang P, Liu T, Huang L, et al. Use of chest CT in combination with negative RT-PCR assay for the 2019 novel coronavirus but high clinical suspicion. Radiology. 2020 Apr;295(1):22–23.
  • Xie X, Zhong Z, Zhao W, et al. Chest CT for typical 2019-nCoV pneumonia: relationship to negative RT-PCR testing. Radiology. 2020 doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020200343.
  • Lee E, Ng M, Khong PL. COVID-19 pneumonia: what has CT taught us? Lancet Infect Dis. 2020;20(4):384–385.
  • American College of Radiology ACR Recommendations for the use of Chest Radiography and Computed Tomography (CT) for Suspected COVID-19 Infection. https://www.acr.org/Advocacy-and-Economics/ACR-Position-Statements/Recommendations-for-Chest-Radiography-and-CT-for-Suspected-COVID19-Infection
  • The Royal College of Radiologists The role of CT in patients suspected with COVID-19 infection. https://www.rcr.ac.uk/college/coronavirus-covid-19-what-rcr-doing/clinical-information/role-ct-chest/role-ct-patients
  • Kanne J, Little B, Chung J, et al. Essentials for radiologists on COVID-19: an update—radiology scientific expert panel. Radiology. 2020 doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020200527.
  • Fang Y, Zhang H, Xie J, et al. Sensitivity of chest CT for COVID-19: comparison to RT-PCR. Radiology. 2020 doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020200432.
  • Wu J., Wu X., Zeng W., Zeng W., Guo D., Fang Z. Chest CT findings in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and its relationship with clinical features. Invest Radiol. 2020;55(5):257–261.
  • Alayunt NO, Ozudogru O, Cakan E. Psychological and biochemical Impact of Covid-19 pandemic on health workers in Siirt, Turkey. Medicine Science 2021;10(4):1486-91.
There is no Supplemental content for this article.

How to Cite This

Alayunt, N. O. (2022). A brief history of RT-PCR and our laboratory experience with SARS-CoV-2 analyses using RT-PCR: RT-PCR and SARS-CoV-2 . Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium, 11(1), 18–24. https://doi.org/10.29238/teknolabjournal.v11i1.337

Article Metrics

Download Statistics

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Other Statistics

Verify authenticity via CrossMark

Copyright and Permissions

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Publishing your paper with Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium (JTL) means that the author or authors retain the copyright in the paper. JTL granted an exclusive reuse license by the author(s), but the author(s) are able to put the paper onto a website, distribute it to colleagues, give it to students, use it in your thesis etc, even commercially. The author(s) can reuse the figures and tables and other information contained in their paper published by JTL in future papers or work without having to ask anyone for permission, provided that the figures, tables or other information that is included in the new paper or work properly references the published paper as the source of the figures, tables or other information, and the new paper or work is not direct at private monetary gain or commercial advantage.

JTL journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. This journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. This license lets others remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.

JTL journal Open Access articles are distributed under this Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA). Articles can be read and shared for All purposes under the following conditions:

  • BY: You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
  • SA:  If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.

Data Availability