Abstract

Hydrocotyle umbellata, an aquatic plant belonging to the Araliaceae family, is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions and is known to contain various bioactive compounds with potential pharmacological properties, including anticancer activity. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxic activity of methanolic Hydrocotyle umbellata L. leaf extract against T47D breast cancer cells using the MTT assay. The plant material was collected and processed through drying and grinding prior to extraction using the maceration method with methanol as the solvent. The resulting extract was then subjected to cytotoxicity testing using the MTT assay at a concentration range of 7.8-125 µg/ml. T47D cells were cultured under standard conditions and treated with different extract concentrations, followed by measurement of cell viability based on absorbance values obtained from a microplate reader. The percentage of viable cells was calculated and analyzed using linear regression to determine the IC₅₀ value. The results demonstrated that the extract exhibited a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect, with decreasing cell viability observed at higher concentrations. The calculated IC₅₀ value was 80.78±9.95 µg/ml, indicating moderate cytotoxic activity. These findings suggest that the methanolic extract of H. umbellata L. leaves possesses cytotoxic properties against T47D breast cancer cells and may serve as a preliminary basis for further investigation.

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